2Court-Broun CM ,Mcbirnie L,Wilson G. Adult ankle fracture an increasing problem [J]. Acta Orthop Seand,1998,69(1) :43-47.
3Ramsey PL,Hamilton W. Changes in tibiotalar area of contact caused by lateral talar shift [J]. J Bone Joint Surg (Am), 1976,58 (3) : 356.
4Mandracchia DM, Mandracchia V J, Buddecke DE. Malleolar fractures of the ankle :A comprehensive review [J]. Clin Podiatr Med Surg, 1999,16 (4):679- 723.
5Soohoonf,Krenekd,Eagannmj,et al.Complication rates following open reduction and internal fixation of ankle fractures[J].J Bone JointSurg Am,2009,91 (5):1042-1049.
6Mckenna Pb,O' sheak,Burke T.Less is more; Lag Screw only Fixation.of lateral malleolar fractures[J].Int Orthop,2007,31 (4):497-502.
7Katioz H,Bombaci H,Gorgec M.Treatment of trimalleolar fractures:is osetosyn2thesis needed in posterior malledar frac2turesmeasuring less than 25% of the jointsurface[J].Acta Orthop Trauma Turc,2003,37 (4):299 -303.