营养液栽培中添加碘对樱桃番茄果实品质的影响

Effects of Iodine on Fruit Quality of Cherry Tomato in Nutrient Solution Culture

在深液流水培的营养液中添加1.0～6.0mg·L-1碘离子作为处理,研究碘对樱桃番茄果实品质的影响。结果表明碘对樱桃番茄果实的碘含量、VC含量、总酸含量、可溶性糖含量以及含水量都有一定的影响。各处理的果实碘含量均显著高于CK,并表现出随着营养液中碘浓度的提高而增加的趋势,两者的相关性达极显著水平,相关系数为0.947。3.0mg·L-1碘浓度处理的果实VC含量最高,达201.7mg·kg-1(FW),比CK高9.7%,差异显著。低碘浓度处理(1.0～3.0mg·L-1)对果实的总酸含量无显著影响,最低总酸含量是3.0mg·L-1碘浓度处理,为0.64%,高碘浓度处理(4.0～6.0mg·L-1)果实的总酸含量则显著高于CK。碘处理使樱桃番茄果实可溶性糖含量显著降低,1.0～5.0mg·L-1碘浓度处理之间的可溶性糖含量差异不显著。3.0mg·L-1碘浓度处理的果实糖酸比与CK无显著差异。低碘浓度处理(1.0～3.0mg·L-1)的果实含水量与CK无显著差异,而高碘浓度处理(4.0～6.0mg·L-1)的果实含水量则显著低于CK和低碘浓度处理。综合以上结果,在樱桃番茄栽培上,以3.0mg·L-1作为碘离子供给浓度对果实的糖酸比和含水量无显著影响,同时可以获得VC含量高、总酸含量较低、含碘量适中的果实。

In controlled condition of deep flow hydroponics,the experiment studied the effect of iodine on fruit quality of cherry tomato（Lycopersicon esculentum var.cerasiforme）treated in solutions with iodide（I-）concentrations of 1.0-6.0 mg·L-1.The results showed that there were some influences on the iodine,VC,total acid,soluble sugar and moisture contents of cherry tomato fruit.The iodine content in fruit increased with the increasing of I-concentration,and each treatment was significantly higher than that of the CK.The correlation between iodine in fruits and I-concentration in solutions reached extremely significant level,with the correlation coefficient of 0.947.The VC content in the fruit,of which the plants were treated with I-concentration of 3.0 mg·L-1 was the highest,being 9.7 % higher than the CK or 201.7 mg·kg-1 of fresh weight.There was no significant difference between the total acid in fruit with low I-concentration（1.0-3.0 mg·L-1）treatment and the CK,the minimum of total acid in fruit being 0.64 % with I-concentration of 3.0 mg·L-1;but for plants treated with high I-concentration（4.0-6.0 mg·L-1）,it was significantly higher than the CK.The soluble sugar in fruit significantly reduced,when the plants were treated with I-solution,but there were no significant differences among the soluble sugar in fruit,when the plants were treated with Iconcentration from 1.0 mg·L-1 to 5.0 mg·L-1.The fruit sugar acid ratio had no significant difference between the plants treated with I-concentration of 3.0 mg·L-1 and the CK.When the plants were treated with high I-concentration（4.0-6.0 mg·L-1）,the fruit moisture content was significantly lower than the CK and 1.0-3.0 mg·L-1 I-concentrations,but there was no significant difference between the plants treated with low I-concentration（1.0-3.0 mg·L-1）and the CK.To summarize these results,it can be concluded that when the I-concentration of 3.0 mg·L-1 was provided for the growth of cherry tomato,fruits with high vitamin Ccontent,low total acid and moderate iodine content will be obtained,though the influence of the I-concentration on the sugar acid ratio and moisture content were not significant.