美国地方高校内部治理结构探究

Research on the Internal Management Structure of American Local Colleges and Universities

美国自南北战争时期创建第一所赠地学院以来,其地方高校内部治理经过了150多年的发展演变,逐步走向完善。通过对具有代表性的地方高校内部治理结构进行案例剖析,从中归纳出美国地方高校内部治理结构具有如下特征:董事会或理事会主导运行,广泛代表校内外利益的双边治理,"校—学院"双层级治理,以行政权力为主的双轨并行治理,通过特定管理机构进行治理协调等。

Since the first land-grant college established in the United States during the civil war,the internal management structure of American local colleges and universities has experienced the evolution over 150years,and gradually stepped into perfection.Through case analysis of representative internal management structure of American local colleges and universities,the following characteristics are concluded： leading operation of board or council,bilateral management with widely representing internal and external interest of universities,double-level management with ＂University-School＂,two-parallel management with the priority of administrative power,management coordination with specific management institutions,etc.