饲粮色氨酸水平对黄羽肉种鸡生产性能、抗氧化功能及血清生化指标的影响

Dietary Tryptophan Level Affects Performance,Antioxidant Function and Serum Biochemical Indices of Yellow-Feathered Broiler Breeders

本试验旨在研究饲粮色氨酸水平对黄羽肉种鸡生产性能、抗氧化功能及血清生化指标的影响,以期探明肉种鸡饲粮的适宜色氨酸水平。试验采用单因素4水平试验设计,将360只28周龄黄羽肉种鸡随机分成4组,每组3个重复,每个重复30只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,基础饲粮色氨酸水平为0.16%,3个试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.02%、0.04%和0.06%的色氨酸。预试期2周,正试期8周。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,各试验组均显著提高了肉种鸡种蛋的受精率、孵化率和出雏率(P<0.05),其中以0.18%色氨酸水平组最佳。2)与对照组相比,0.18%色氨酸水平组使初生苗鸡重提高了3.99%(P<0.05),使血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性、总蛋白和白蛋白含量分别提高了12.58%、13.40%和4.02%(P<0.05)。3)各试验组较对照组有提高血清总抗氧化能力、超氧化物歧化酶活性及还原性谷胱甘肽含量,降低血清丙二醛和尿酸含量的趋势,但差异均不显著(P>0.05)。4)肉种鸡产蛋率、平均蛋重和料蛋比各组间均无显著差异(P>0.05),但平均日采食量各试验组较对照组均显著提高(P<0.05)。综上所述,黄羽肉种鸡饲粮色氨酸适宜水平为0.18%。

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary tryptophan levels on performance,antioxidant function and serum biochemical indices of yellow-feathered broiler breeders,and aimed to discuss a suitable supplemental level of tryptophan for the broiler breeders.Using a single factor and 4 levels arrangement of treatments design,a total of 360 yellow-feathered broiler breeders（28-week-old） were randomly allocated into 4 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 30 broiler breeders in each replicate.Broilers in control group were fed a basal diet which containing 0.16% tryptophan,and the others in experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.02%,0.04% and 0.06% tryptophan,respectively.Pre-treatment period was 2 weeks and the experiment lasted for 8 weeks.The results showed as follows： 1） compared with the control group,each experimental group significantly increased the fertility rate,hatchability and birth rate（P0.05）,and the 0.18% tryptophan group was the highest among them.2） Compared with the control group,the average body weight in the 0.18% tryptophan group increased 3.99%（P0.05）,the activity of glutathione peroxidase and the contents of total protein and albumin increased 12.58%,13.40% and 4.02%（P0.05）,respectively.3） The experimental groups had a trend of increasing the superoxide dismutase activity,total anti-oxidant capability and the content of reduced glutathione hormone,there also had a trend of reducing malondialdehyde and uric acid concentration in serum,however,there was no significant difference among those groups（P0.05）.4） There was no significant difference among the groups in laying rate,average egg weight and feed/egg weight（P0.05）,but the average daily feed intake in experimental groups was significantly elevated compared with the control group（P0.05）.In conclusion,the optimal tryptophan level in corn-soybean meal diet of yellow-feathered broiler breeders is 0.18%.