历史上俄罗斯通过广州开展对华贸易问题探究

On Russia's Foreign Trade with China through Guangzhou in History

俄国与地处华南、1840年以前中国"一口通商"重镇的广州相距甚远。17世纪末俄国才对广州有了明确记载,随着对广州对外贸易重要性认识的加深,到18世纪末,俄国开始积极策划通过广州开展对华海上贸易,销售俄属美洲出产的毛皮和海产品,并进行了初步尝试,直到1858年签订中俄《天津条约》,俄国才获得在广州等地通商的权利。但由于1867年俄将阿拉斯加等地出售给美国,加上其他海上运输通道的开通,广州在后来俄国对华贸易中渐渐变得可有可无。

Russia was far away from Guangzhou that was located in the South China and had been an important commercial port of China before 1840. At the end of the 18th century, Russia had a clear record about Guangzhou. With the deep understanding of the importance of Guangzhou foreign trade, Russia began to plot actively its sea trade with China through Guangzhou and carried out initial attempts, selling furs and marine products from the American land and sea annexed by Russia. It was not until 1858 when the Tianjin Treaty signed by China and Russia that Russia obtained trade rights in Guangzhou and the other areas. But because Russia sold Alaska and the other areas to the United States and opened up the other marine transport corridors in 1867, Guangzhou gradually became not essential in Russia＇s trade with China.