浅析鄂尔多斯地区气候变化及其对生态环境的影响

Analysis on the Influence of Climatic Change on Ecological Environment in Ordos Area

利用鄂尔多斯地区近50a的气候资料,分析气候条件对生态环境的影响。结果表明:1961—2010年鄂尔多斯地区气温变化呈上升趋势;年降水量变化不明显,蒸发量自西向东增多,年蒸发量是年降水量的7.9倍;70年代,由于受干旱气候和人为因素的共同影响,鄂尔多斯市的大风、沙尘暴日数一度增加,但随着2000年开始的大规模治理,大风、沙尘暴日数明显减少;遥感产品监测到近10a鄂尔多斯市的生态状况得到了全面逆转,森林覆盖率、植被覆盖率得到大幅提升,生态步入良性循环的态势。

Using climatic data of recent 50 years in Ordos area, the influence of climatic condition on ecological environment was analyzed. The results showed that the regional temperature present ascend trend; The annual amount of precipitation can not be changed obviously, the evaporation capacity is increased from west to east, the annual evaporation capacity is 7.9 times that of annual amount of precipitation; In the seventies, because it is arid to receive climate and common influence of the human factor, gale in Ordos City, number of days of the sandstorm increased for a time, but the administration of large scale beginning with 2000, gale, number of days of the sandstorm were obviously reduced; The remote sensing products detect the ecological ragime of Ordos City ＂was reversed in an all-round way in the past 10 years, forest coverage, vegetation coverage rate are promoted by a wide margin, the ecology steps into the situation of upward spiral.