麻风病基本消灭阶段的流行病学特征

The epidemiological features of leprosy at the stage towards leprosy elimination

目的：分析麻风病基本消灭阶段流行病学特征，以指导麻风防治工作。方法：根据山东省历年的麻风病人登记表，分析比较麻风基本消灭阶段与防治初期的流行病学特征。结果：麻风基本消灭阶段的流行病学特征与防治初期比较有显著变化：新病例呈散在分布；发病年龄显著升高；少年儿童发病显著减少；多菌型病例所占比升高；复发病例在新发病例中所占比升高。结论：麻风病中、高流行区达到基本消灭麻风病后，应根据其流行病学特征采取相应防治对策。提出了彻底消灭麻风病将是一项长期的任务。

To study the epidemiological features of leprosy at the stage towards leprosy elimination (1985 ~1994) aiming at providing guidance to leprosy to leprosy control programme managers.Methods: Data over past 4O years of Shandong province leprosy control programme were systematically analyzed and a comparison was made between initial stage of leprosy control (1955 ~ 1964) and stage towed leprosy elimination. Results: Remarkable changes in the epidemiology of the disease had taken place at the stage towards leprosy elimination as compared with that at its initial stage: sporadic distribution of new cases, notable increase in the mean age at onset of the disease, significant reduction of the number of new children cases, increased proportion of both new MB patients and relapsed cases amongst the total newly detected detected cases increased.Conclusions:There is a need in developing new strategies and interventions for high/medium endemic areas hased on local epidemiological changes, once the leprosy elimina- tion target has been attained.