基于RS和GIS的大通县土地利用/覆被变化特征研究

RESEARCH ON CHARACTERISTICS OF LAND-USE/COVER CHANGE BASED ON RS AND GIS IN DATONG COUNTY

利用1995年和2005年两期TM遥感影像,综合利用RS和GIS技术,研究了大通县实施退耕还林政策以来从1995年到2005年10年期间土地利用/覆被时空变化特征。结果表明:大通县土地利用/覆被类型及面积变化明显,林地、水域及建设用地呈现增长趋势,其中林地增长最显著,成为最大的土地利用/覆被类型;草地总面积呈现减少趋势,但高覆被草地面积明显增加;耕地及未利用地均呈减少趋势;不同土地利用/覆被类型之间的转换很强烈,相互转换面积186 894.97hm2,占总面积的60.18%,其中草地转出为林地面积达68 040.88hm2,占发生转变总量的36.41%。研究结果可为该区退耕还林工程的管理和决策提供科学依据。

By the application of remote sensing 1995 and 2005 and using RS and GIS.the paper researched the space-time characteristics of Land-use/cover change（LUCC） during the past 10-year from 1995 to 2005 since the policies and measures of ＂converting farmland to forests＂ implemented.The result showed that the type and area of land use/cover of DaTong County had changed obviously by the project of converting farmland to forest.The woodland,water area and construction land showed on a growth trend,and woodland becomes the largest land-use/cover types in 2005;Grassland,cultivated land and unused land displayed a decreasing trend,the grassland turned into the second type from the advantage types of 1995,because of a remarkable reduction of low-cover grassland;The mutual conversion between different land-use/cover type was strong,the area 186 894.97hm2,accounting for the total area of 60.18%;The transition of grassland to woodland,area of 68 040.88hm2,is the most amount accounting for the total change of 36.41%.The conclusion would provide evidence for management and policy of converting farmland to forest in this area.