杨凌农业高新技术产业示范区农村金融改革试验与政策建议

Rural Financial Reform Test in Yangling Demonstration Zone of Agricultural High-tech Industries and Responding Policy Suggestions

解决"三农"问题,要靠金融强力支持与推动;发展现代农业,需要高效运转、便捷、低成本的现代农村金融体系作保障。必须推进农村金融创新,构建多层次的农村金融服务体系,才能满足"三农"发展多元化的信贷需求,促进农村经济和谐发展。杨凌农业高新技术产业示范区在农地使用权、大型农业机械设备设施、农业生物资产、农业知识产权和专利等农村产权抵押方面做了大量改革探索,初步解决了农民贷款抵押难、资金筹措难、农村产权变现难等突出难题。为了总结、推广此项惠及农民的农村金融改革试验,推动农村金融改革向纵深发展,提出设立"杨凌农村金融改革试验示范跟踪研究与模式推广"重大课题,组建国家级研究团队,探索建立"现代农业产业—科技—人才—金融—财政—保险"一体化大平台,成立国际农村金融培训中心,开展农村金融学术交流与人才培训,建立"产业—科技—金融信息服务"联合机制,积极探索形成农产品期货、农业保险参与、适度竞争的农村金融市场体系,率先建立"专业农户注册登记"制度,逐步培育农村金融需求主体等若干政策建议。

Solving the problems about agriculture,rural areas and peasantry involves strong financial support and promotion.Developing modern agriculture involves an efficient,low-cost,convenient modern rural financial system as guarantee.For these purposes suggestions are made： promoting the rural financial innovation,establishing a multi-level of rural financial service system,gradually meeting the diversified credit demands brought by the development of the problems about agriculture,rural areas and peasantry and promoting the harmonious development of rural economy.Yangling Demonstration Zone of Agricultural High-tech Industries has made a lot of explorations of the reform of mortgaging the farmland use right,large agricultural machinery,equipment and facilities,agricultural biological assets,agricultural intellectual property rights and other rural property,initially solving some prominent problems for peasants in mortgage loan,fund raising,rural property right cashing and so on.In order to summarize and popularize the rural financial reform experiment that may bring great benefits to the nearly one billion Chinese peasants and promote the further development of rural financial reform,policy suggestions are put forward,such as setting up a significant research subject of Yangling rural financial reform experiment demonstration tracking research and model promotion,forming a national research team,tentatively establishing a grand platform that makes the modern agricultural industry,science and technology,talented personnel,finance and insurance integrated,setting up an international rural financial training center so as to promote the rural financial academic exchanges and personnel training,constructing a joint mechanism of industrial technology and finance information service,actively trying to find a way to form a rural financial market system where competitions exist but in a moderate way,encouraging professional peasant households to take the lead in establishing a registration system for the professional peasant households,gradually cultivating the rural financial demand subjects,and so on.