头颈鳞癌的分子靶向药物治疗

Molecular targeted agent therapies in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas

头颈鳞癌(HNSCC)是全球的第六种最常见的恶性肿瘤。尽管极力提高各种治疗方式的水平,但晚期病例死亡率仍高。因此,寻找更有效的分子靶向药物和联合应用不同治疗方法势在必行。抗EGFR单克隆抗体,西妥昔单抗(Cetuximab)是第一个治疗HNSCC的靶向药。现已证明局部晚期HNSCC患者用Cetuximab+放射治疗(RT)有生存期益处,并增强局部区域控制对铂耐药的转移性HNSCC患者单用Cetuximab有临床效果。Ⅲ期试验用Cetuximab和标准的铂为基础的方案第一线治疗复发转移HNSCC患者证明有生存期益处。其他靶向治疗方法也在研究中,正在对各期HNSCC患者进行的临床试验将进一步确定靶向治疗作用。

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas （HNSCC） is the sixth most common can cer worldwide. Despite intense efforts to apply different treatment methods, mortality rates in ad vanced cases remain high. For this reason, searching for better molecular targeted agents and/or com bination is inevitable. The aniEGFR monoclonal antibody （MoAb） cetuximab is the first targeted therapy to be developed for HNSCC. Recent date confirmed a survival advantage and enhanced l^oregio nal control of HNSCC with cetuximab plus RT in patients with locally advanced HNSCC. Single agent ce tuximab conferred clinical effect for patients with platinumrefractory metastatic disease, and a phase 3 tri al demonstrated a survival benefit with cetuximab and standard platinumbased therapy in the front line treatment of recurrent/metastatic disease. Other targeted approches are also under investigation. Ongo ing clinical trial will further define targeted treatment role in all stages of HNSCC.