新型眼压计原理及其在临床中的应用

Mechanism and clinical application of new tonometers

眼压测量是目前对青光眼进行疗效观察及随访的主要手段之一,眼压计是临床工作中测量眼压的重要工具,修氏眼压计和Goldmann压平眼压计长期以来为国内外临床医生所广泛应用,近十年来,又出现了一些新型的眼压计,如动态轮廓眼压计(DCT)、I Care回弹眼压计、Tono-Pen眼压计、Diaton眼压计和Proview压眼闪光眼压计等。其原理各异,临床应用价值也众说纷纭。DCT与Goldmann压平眼压计(GAT)有较好的相关性,且测量值不受角膜性状的影响,但其对于配合差者有较大误差。I Care回弹眼压计、Tono-Pen眼压计、Diaton眼压计和Proview压眼闪光眼压计均为便携式眼压计,测量时不需使用麻醉药,便于青光眼的筛查,但其临床应用较少,测量的准确性仍需进一步研究。

Intraocular pressure measurement is a main method for evaluating treatment effect and for follow-up for glaucoma,which is very important in clinical work.Goldmann applanation tonometry（GAT） and Schiotz＇s tonometry are the most widely used methods for measuring intraocular pressure worldwide.In the last 10 years,several new instruments for measuring intraocular pressure have emerged,such as dynamic contour tonometry（DCT）,rebound tonometry,Tono-Pen tonometry,Diaton tonometer and the proview phosphene tonometer.Their mechanism are very different.There are also conflicting opinions about their clinical applications.The IOP measured by DCT method has a good correlation with that by GAT,and corneal parameters have no influence to the IOP measured by DCT.But DCT needs more patients＇coordination.Rebound tonometry,Tono-Pen tonometry,Diaton tonometer and the Proview phosphene tonometer are all convenient,which can be used without topical anesthesia and appears to be advantageous for glaucoma screening.However,these instruments are not widely used in clinical work.Further studies are needed to determine whether they are accurate for measuring intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients.