小家鼠的种群动态和繁殖特征

A study on population dynamics and propagation characteristics of Mus musculus

为给种群数量预测预报和制订合理的防治策略提供依据 ,1986～ 1998年采用数量统计、性别鉴定、体外量度、解剖观察雌雄性器官发育特征等方法 ,对贵州省息烽县小家鼠种群动态和繁殖特征进行了调查研究。结果表明 ,小家鼠在家栖鼠中占总鼠数量的 41 38% ,全年出现 3个种群数量高峰期 ( 4、7、10月 )和 3个怀孕高峰期 ( 3、5、9月 ) ,平均鼠密度为 4 13% ,平均怀孕率为37 2 8% ,平均胎仔数为 4 77只 ,平均繁殖指数为 0 93,种群性比为 1 10。小家鼠各年龄组繁殖力的变化为成年Ⅰ、Ⅱ组是种群参与繁殖的主体 ,老年组繁殖力下降。

The population dynamics and propagation characteristics of Mus musculus in Xifeng county of Guizhou province were surveyed from 1996 to 1998 by the method which disposed more than two hundred wooden mouse nips(7 cm×17 cm,made in Beijing) over uptown in the first twenty days of a month and the trapped mice were tested by amount statistic, sex identification, body measure and examination of sexual organ development. The result showed that the amount of Mus musculus accounted for 41.8% of all house mice, there were three peaks of population amount (April, July and October) and pregnancy (March, May and September), the average density, pregnancy rate, fetus number, propagation index of Mus musculus were 4.13%,37.28%,4.77 and 0.93 respectively and the sex rate of population was 1.10, furthermore, the analysis result of propagation variety of each age group of Mus musculus showed that the group Ⅰ and Ⅱ of adult Mus musculus were the principal part of progenitive mice, and the progenitive ability of the aged mice was declined.