京津冀及江浙沪经济圈生态足迹比较分析

ANALYSIS OF ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT AND ECOLOGICAL CARRYING CAPACITY ——A CASE STUDY OF JING-JIN-JI AND JIANG-ZHE-HU REGION

利用生态足迹模型分析了1996～2008年京津冀和江浙沪经济圈的人均生态足迹和生态承载力,并将两大经济圈的核心城市做了相应的对比。结果表明:京津冀经济圈的人均生态足迹高于江浙沪经济圈,其中江浙沪经济圈的生态足迹增长速度相对较高;两大经济圈人均生态承载力在1998年均有较大幅度下降,其后基本保持不变;两大经济圈1996～2008年均处于生态赤字状态,且呈现逐年增加态势,经济圈内核心城市人均生态赤字远高于同区域的省份,京津冀经济圈大部分年份人均生态赤字高于江浙沪经济圈;北京、天津、上海3大核心城市的各项生态足迹指标均呈上升趋势,天津市和上海市的人均生态足迹和人均生态赤字两项指标均高于北京市,且历年上海市的人均生态足迹平均要高出天津市14%以上,人均生态赤字高出天津市27.9%。未来经济圈的发展需要发挥其经济优势,通过技术创新提高资源利用效率,改变生产和生活方式,使地区经济保持可持续发展。

Based on the ecological footprint model, this paper analyzed the per capita ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity in Jing-Jin-Ji and Jiang-Zhe-Hu region,and compared the nuclear cities of the two regions. The results indicate that both regions have an increasing trend of ecological deficit. It is also found that the per capita ecological deficit of Jing-Jin-Ji is higher than that in Jiang-Zhe-Hu in most years, and the ecological footprint indices in Beijing,Tianjin, Shanghai, and the nuclear cities of the two regions, are all on the rise. The per capita ecological footprint and the per capita ecological deficit of Tianjin and Shanghai are higher than those in Beijing, respectively. The per capita ecological footprint of Shanghai is 14% higher and the per capita 6cological deficit 27.9% higher than that of Tianjin. In future,both regions should improve the efficiency of resources use through technological innovation. The changing of the mode of production and life style will also be useful to the sustainable development of the regional economy.