我国主要杂交水稻亲本的RAPD鉴定及遗传关系研究

Identification by RAPD Analysis and Studies on Genetic Relationship of Main Parents of Hybrid Rice in China

用 10 0个 RAPD引物分析了具有广泛遗传资源代表性和较大应用面积的 2 4个水稻雄性不育系、 3个保持系和 3个生产中应用最广的恢复系。其中 72个引物具有多态性。从中筛选出 14个 RAPD引物 ,可检测出重演性较好的多态性片段 4 7带 ,能够有效地区分所有供试的雄性不育系及恢复系。杂交水稻亲本的聚类分析结果表明 :( 1)我国水稻雄性不育系遗传资源比较丰富 ,但生产中主要应用的不育系遗传背景单一。 ( 2 )在籼稻内部 ,不育系的遗传变异较恢复系少。 ( 3)应用面积较大的恢复系与雄性不育系分别聚类于不同的类群 ,且遗传关系较远。

Twenty four male sterile lines, three maintainer lines and three restore lines used widely in hybrid rice were analyzed by RAPD with 100 random primers. Seventy two primers detected polymorphism among rice lines tested. Fourteen primers were selected from them. These fourteen primers could detect 47 reproducible polymorphism fragments, by which the above restore and male sterile lines were distinguished individually. They were, therefore, recommended as candidates for the identification among male sterile lines、 restore lines and hybrids in rice. As results from cluster analysis, it was concluded: (1) Rice male sterile lines have abundant genetic diversity in our country. Genetic background was vulnerable among rice male sterile lines used in large scale. (2) In indica rice, genetic variation of the restore lines was larger than that of the male sterile lines. (3) The restore lines were clearly clustered apart from the male sterile lines.