青海湖流域植被生态补偿标准初探

Probe into the vegetation ecological compensation standards in the Qinghai Lake Basin

生态补偿是当前国际生态经济学研究的热点问题之一,补偿标准又是生态补偿研究领域中最重要的组成部分.本文以遥感数据、地面气象数据和野外调察数据等为基本数据源,运用CASA模型模拟青海湖流域陆地植被净第一性生产力(NPP),并采用市场价格法、能量替代法估算和反演青海湖流域植被的生态补偿价值,结果表明:青海湖流域植被总补偿价值为98.74×108元,各植被类型的补偿标准分别是山地灌木林5467元/hm2.a、耕地5303元/hm2.a、河谷灌木林5028元/hm2.a、高寒草甸4923元/hm2.a、湖滨沼泽4898元/hm2.a、高寒沼泽4525元/hm2.a、温性草原4507元/hm2.a、河谷沼泽4058元/hm2.a、高山流石坡稀疏植被2575元/hm2.a.

Ecological Compensation is one of the hot issues in the current international ecological economics. The compensating standard is also the most important part of ecological compensation areas. In this paper, depending on the remote sensing, surface meteorological and field surveying data, simulated terrestrial vegetation net primary productivity in the Qioghai Lake Basin by the CASA model, and estimated and inverted its vegetation ecological compensation value by means of the market value method and energy substitution one. Results showed that the total vegetation compensating value was 98.74×10^8 Yuan（RMB）, compensating standard of every vegetation type was which the value of mountain shrub, arable land, valley shrub, alpine meadow, lake marsh, alpine swamp, temperate steppe, valley swamp, alpine slope sparse vegetation respectively was 5467 Yuan/hm2 . a, 5303 Yuan/hm2 . a, 5028 Yuan/hm2 .a, 4923 Yuan/hm2. a,4898 Yuan/hm2 . a Yuan/hm2 .a 4525 Yuan/hm2 .a, 4507 Yuan/hm2 . a, 4058 Yuan/hm2.a, and 2575 Yuan/hm2 . a.