计及经济性、可靠性和排放因素的备用市场竞价模型

A Reserve Market Bidding Model Considering Economics,Reliability and Emissions

针对电力市场环境,发展了综合考虑经济性、可靠性和排放因素的多目标备用竞价模型。为描述与备用供给相关的可靠性,定义了备用不足期望值,其也可用于区分发电机组与可中断负荷在提供备用过程中的差异性。在此基础上,提出了求解多目标备用竞价模型的2阶段求解算法。首先,基于改进的多目标粒子群算法,求解最小化备用容量成本、备用不足期望值和碳排放量3个目标的多目标竞价模型,获得一组Pareto解。之后,采用熵权决策法评价这些Pareto解,从中得到备用最优购买方案。最后,以包含12个竞价机构(包括发电机组和可中断负荷相关机构)的电力市场/系统为例,说明了所发展的备用竞价模型的基本特征和求解算法的有效性。

In view of the electricity market, a comprehensive multi-objective reserve bidding model is developed considering the factors of economics, reliability and emissions. To describe the supply reliability associated with reserves, the expected reserve deficiency is defined. They can be used to distinguish the capability of a generator and that of an interruptible load in providing the reserve service. On this basis, a two-stage algorithm is presented to solve the multi-objective bidding model. Firstly, the improved multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm is employed to find the Pareto solutions of the multi objective bidding model which minimizes the reserve capacity cost, the expected reserve deficiency and the emissions separately. Then, the entropy weight decision-making method is used to evaluate the Pareto solutions, and obtains the optimal reserve allocations among the bidders. Finally, an example of the electricity market with 12 bidders including generators and interruptible loads is employed to illustrate the essential feature of the developed model and its efficiency.