城乡公交一体化下农村客运班线定价方法研究

Pricing Method of Rural Passenger Transport Routes Based on Integration of Urban-rural Public Traffic

客运班线公交化改革可以有效推动城乡公交一体化的发展,客运班线公交化后票制、票价如何制定是决定经营者利益与公共交通的社会效益两者之间是否平衡的关键。通过分析不同乘距乘客的比例情况确定营运线路在不同情况下的最优票制,同时,考虑客运班线原有经营模式的盈利性质,在利用拉姆齐模型计算基本票价的基础上,以班线原有平均收益率作为政府补贴的基本计算标准,考虑到政府补贴的有限性,提出了补贴超出标准情况下的票价调整方法。

Changing rural passenger transport routes into public traffic can promote the integration of urban-rural public traffic.How to calculate the price of rural passenger transport routes when they were changed into public traffic is the key to determining whether the social benefits of public traffic and the economic benefits of rural passenger transport routes operators can be balanced.The best price system was determined by analyzing percentage of passengers with different trip distance.Simultaneously,considering that the previous operation mode of rural passenger transport routes was profit-making,the price was calculated by Ramsey Pricing Model.Moreover,the financial subsidies were calculated based on previous average rate of return.Considering financial subsidies were limited,a price adjustment strategy was proposed to handle the situation that financial subsidies were beyond the standard.