事故状态下供水管网的拓扑分析

Topological Analysis for Water Distribution System under Failure State

当供水管网发生类似于爆管或水质污染等事故时,通过拓扑分析快速找到并关闭相应阀门以孤立事故源进而开展事故抢修是非常必要的。结合事故发生时管网的拓扑结构特点,以图论的理论和方法为基础,提出了一种可用于事故状态下供水管网拓扑分析的方法。该方法首先利用深度优先搜索算法找到距离事故源最近的阀门,然后通过剔除冗余阀门而确定最优关阀方案及关阀后的事故影响区域,最后调整管网水力模型以适应关阀后管网需水量和拓扑结构的变化。该方法不仅可用于供水管网事故时的关阀调度,还可用于供水系统污染控制分析以及供水管网的性能评价。

When failures, such as pipe break and contamination, occur in water distribution sys- tems （WDS）, it is very necessary to identify which valves should be closed to isolate the failure sources by topological analysis. Based on graph theory, a topological methodology for WDS under failure condi- tions was proposed. Firstly, depth-first search algorithm is employed in this methodology to search all the valves close to the failure source. Secondly, the optimum valve-closing scheme and the area influenced by valve closing are determined by removing some redundant valves. Finally, the network model is upda- ted to adapt to topological and water demand changes due to valve closings. The proposed methodology is not only capable of identifying which valves should be closed when WDS is inoperable, but also useful as a contamination control and performance evaluation tool for WDS.