论湘西土家族民间祭祀舞蹈中传统宗教文化的体现

Traditional Religious Culture in Ritual Dances of Tujia People in West Hunan Province

祭祀舞蹈起源于原始社会的图腾崇拜舞蹈和巫术仪式舞蹈。随着时代的发展,现在已泛指伴随巫术仪式而进行的各类祭祀性舞蹈。土家族祭祀舞蹈同土家族传统宗教实为一脉,相辅相成。在宗教文化的流传过程中,它依据时间、地域的不同而发生变化。本文以湘西土家族传统宗教文化为切入点,从土家族祭祀舞蹈的种类和形式等方面进行观察,论述了土家族祭祀舞蹈中所蕴含的借法与神灵交感有着"道教文化"的因子,而且还有"圆满无尽"的佛教文化痕迹和"万物有灵"的土家族原始宗教文化。

Ritual dances,which originated from totemic worship and ritual practice in primitive society,are now generally referred to all kinds of dances that accompany the religious ceremony.Ritual dances by Tujia people in west Hunan Province are of the same origin as traditional religion of Tujia people,varying from time to time and from place to place in the course of distribution of religious culture.By taking the traditional culture of Tujia people in west Hunan as the starting point and observing different types and forms of Tujia ritual dances,the author of the paper concludes that these dances contain factors of the Taoist culture,the Buddhist culture,and the original religious culture of Tujia people.