作为元哲学的自然主义

Naturalism as Metaphilosophy

本文是对作为一种元哲学的自然主义的概述和澄清。自然主义的兴起和在当代哲学中的繁荣归因于传统第一哲学的某些代表性方案的不成功和近代自然科学的巨大成功。自然主义作为一种替代性的哲学探索方案所包含的基本要素得到阐明。自然主义哲学在当代形而上学中的主要代表——物理主义得到进一步阐明。以物理主义为样品,自然主义元哲学的融贯性得到捍卫,但本文强调,自然主义哲学的未来取决于它在一阶哲学议题上的进展。

This is an explanation and clarification, rather than a justification, of naturalism as a metaphilosophy. The rise and flourishing of naturalism in contemporary analytic philosophy are motivated by the failure of some prominent samplings of first philosophy and by the great success of modern natural sciences. Elements of naturalism as an alternative philosophical approach are exposed. Physicalism, the representative of naturalism in contemporary metaphysics, is also articulated. Although naturalism as a metaphilosophical thesis can be defended for its coherence, its prospect depends on how successfully it addresses first-order philosophical issues.