结核分枝杆菌与巨噬细胞的相互作用研究概述

A brief review of interactions between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and macrophages

结核分枝杆菌是一种胞内感染菌,巨噬细胞是其寄生场所。巨噬细胞是机体内抗菌免疫的主要效应细胞,通过直接杀伤和/或分泌多种细胞因子,对结核分枝杆菌具有抗原呈递、免疫杀伤等作用;结核分枝杆菌则可通过阻止吞噬体与溶酶体的融合逃避巨噬细胞的免疫监视和攻击。深入研究结核分枝杆菌对巨噬细胞免疫杀伤和免疫逃避机制,对研究宿主抗结核免疫机制以及设计新型结核病疫苗有深远意义。

Mycobacterium tuberculosis（MTB） is an intracellular pathogen that attacks macrophages.Macrophages are the body＇s main effector cells for anitbacterial immunization by directly killing a pathogen and/or secreting a variety of cytokines to present antigens and mediate immunologic cytotoxicity.MTB can escape immune surveillance and attack macrophages by preventing fusion of phagosomes and lysosomes.An in-depth study of the mechanisms of immunologic cytotoxicity of macrophages and immune evasion by MTB has far-reaching significance to the study of host immunity to tuberculosis and the design of new tuberculosis vaccine.