不同典型气候区内建筑屋面及外墙使用隔热涂层后节能作用的分析与评价

ANALYZING AND EVALUATING THE EFFECT OF THERMAL INSULATION COATING USED IN BUILDING ROOF AND EXTERIOR WALLS ON BUILDING ENERGY-SAVING IN VARIOUS TYPICAL CLIMATES

利用典型气象年逐时数据,讨论寒冷、夏热冬冷和夏热冬暖地区典型城市的建筑在屋顶和外墙上使用低太阳辐射吸收率的隔热涂层后,全年空调和采暖能耗变化的情况。发现在属寒冷地区的北京使用隔热涂层,建筑冬季采暖能耗的增加量超过夏季空调能耗的减少量,这类地区更适合使用降低热损的保温层;在属夏热冬冷地区的上海,隔热涂层对全年能耗的影响与冬季采暖的方式有关:当采暖的能效比(EERh)与空调能效比(EERc)满足EERh/EERc<1.24时,使用隔热层全年没有节能收益;而采用集中暖气供暖方式(EERh=4.3),无保温层的建筑加装隔热涂层后,全年节能收益可达5.54kWh/m2,有保温层的建筑加装隔热涂层,全年节能收益也可达1.28kWh/m2。在属夏热冬暖地区的广州,与使用保温层相比,使用隔热涂层降低建筑空调能耗的效果更显著,全年单位面积节能收益是加装保温层时的2.65倍。

With the local typical meteorologic year data, the influences of thermal insulation coatings （TICs） used in building roof and exterior walls on the energy consumption of air-conditioning and heating of a room located in the typical city which is located in ＂chill＂, ＂hot in summer and cold in winter＂, as well as ＂hot in wrnmer and warm in winter＂ climatic regions were discussed, respectively. It is founded that if TICs is used for a room in the chill region, such as Beijing, the increase of heating energy consumption in winter is more than the reduction of air-conditioning energy consumption in summer, so there is no obvious energy conservation in the whole year. Hence, the insulation layers are fitter for these regions. For a room in the ＂hot in summer and cold in winter＂ region, such as Shanghai, theevaluation for the effect of TICs on the whole year energy consumption is related to the heating ways in winter. If the energy efficiency ratio （ EER ） of heating （ JEERh ） and air-conditioning （ EER~ ） can satisfy EERh/EERc 〈 1.24,the adoption of TICs can＇ t bring ener; y conservation gain in whole year. However, if the heating way is central heating （EERh = 4.3 ）, the whole vear energy conservation gains could reach 5.54kWh/m2, for the room without insulations but coated with TICs, and could reach 1.28kWh/m2 for the room with insulations and coated with TICs. For a room in the ＂hot in summer and warm in winter＂ region, such as Guangzhou, compa- ring with the adoption of insulatin laers, the reduction of air-conditioning energy consumption when using TICs, is more remarkable, and the energy conservation gain per unit area could reach 2.65 times of that using insulation layers.