明清之际耶稣会士对开封犹太人古教古经的追寻

The Jesuits' Pursuit to Find Ancient Judaism and Classics of Kaifeng Jews in the Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties

1605年,开封犹太人艾田前往北京拜会利玛窦,利玛窦随后派遣使者到开封实地调查。之后至开封进行考察的耶稣会士还有艾儒略和龙华民,他们坚信能够归化开封犹太人。真正实施归化开封犹太人夙愿的人,是后来首位来豫开教的意大利教士毕方济;延续其事业的人,主要是葡萄牙教士费乐德、奥地利教士恩理格;真正完成对犹太人古教古经系统考察、撰写出最有价值著述的人,是清初葡萄牙教士骆保禄、法国教士孟正气和宋君荣。明清之际,耶稣会士关于中国开封犹太人古教古经的追寻,是为其在华传教活动寻找提高权威性的重要依据。可以说,耶稣会士早期在河南的地方性传教活动,是与寻找开封的犹太历史追忆相呼应的。

In 1605,a Kaifeng Jew,Ai Tian met with Ricci in Beijing,and Ricci sent a messenger to Kaifeng for research.Subsequently the Jesuits Giulio Aleni and Niccolo Longobardi followed,they were convinced in the naturalization of Jews in Kaifeng.The very person that accomplished the long-cherished wish of the naturalization of Jews in Kaifeng was an Italian Jesuit Francois Sambiasi,succeeded by the Portuguese Jesuit Rodrigo de Figueiredo and the Austrian Jesuit Christian Herdtricht and so on.The Portuguese Jesuit Jean-Paul Gozani,France Jesuit Jean Domenge and Antoine Gaubil were the ones that completed the systematic investigation about ancient Judaism and classics of Kaifeng Jews and wrote the most valuable writings in the early Qing Dynasty.The pursuit of the Jesuits to find the ancient Judaism and classics of Kaifeng Jews in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties was their missionary activities in China to find ways to improve their own authoritative basis.