沈阳市幼儿园5岁儿童乳牙龋病流行病学抽样调查报告

Investigation of 5-year-old children's deciduous caries from kindergartens in Shenyang

目的调查沈阳市幼儿园5岁儿童乳牙龋患病情况。方法采用分层等容量随机抽样的方法,抽取沈阳市内5区5岁常住人口440人及其家长,男女各半。检查儿童全口乳牙牙冠龋病情况,统计患龋率、龋均等,将所得数据与本地区1995年的调查数据进行比较;并对家长进行儿童饮食习惯、刷牙情况等的问卷调查。结果乳牙患龋率为67.05%,龋均为3.10,龋齿充填完好率5.51%,曾接受过龋齿治疗的占8.41%。与1995年沈阳市幼儿园5岁儿童乳牙龋病情况比较,患龋率有所下降(P<0.001),龋均亦有下降(P<0.001)。问卷调查中有睡前进甜食行为者占41.28%,定期进行口腔健康检查者只占2.04%,在家长监督下有效刷牙率为10.17%,家长对儿童口腔健康状况满意率为82.91%。结论沈阳市幼儿园5岁儿童乳牙患龋率与1995年相比虽然有所下降,但仍占较高比例。家长对儿童口腔健康认识程度低与高患龋率有关,对家长的口腔健康教育有待加强。

Objective To study the situation of deciduous teeth caries of 5-year-old children from kindergartens in Shenyang.Methods Four hundred and forty resident 5-year-old children from 5 districts of Shenyang,220 male and 220 female,were collected at random.The dentists checked the condition of deciduous teeth caries and calculated the caries prevalence rate and decayed,filled and missed（dfm） index,compared the data with the data of 1995,and conducted a questionnaire survey on the parents of children＇s eating habits and brushing habits.Results Prevalence rate of deciduous teeth caries was 67.05%,and dfm index was 3.10.Filling rate of deciduous teeth was 5.51%,the number of dental caries been filled was 8.41%.Compared with the data of 1995,the caries prevalence rate declined（P0.001）,and dfm index declined too（P0.001）.The ratio of children who ate sweet food before sleeping was 41.28% and the ratio of having a regular check for teeth was only 2.04% according to questionnaire survey.Brushing teeth effectively with parental supervision accounted for 10.17%,and parents who were satisfied with oral health status of children accounted for 82.91%.Conclusion Although caries prevalence rate of 5-year-old children in Shenyang kindergarten has declined compared with 1995,but proportion was still high.Parents＇lack of knowledge on oral health was related with high caries prevalence,and oral health education for parents should be strengthened.