精神分裂症患者平衡功能特点

Balance function in schizophrenia patients

目的:探讨精神分裂症患者平衡功能特点及与临床症状的关系。方法:本研究采用横断面研究设计。选取35例符合《ICD-10精神与行为障碍分类临床描述与诊断要点》中精神分裂症诊断标准,目前药物治疗处于稳定期的门诊患者,及35例年龄、性别与病例组相匹配的健康对照。采用人体动静态姿势控制测试仪测试病例组和对照组的动静态平衡能力,包括感觉组织能力测试、单腿站立测试、走直线测试。用阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)、个人和社会表现量表(PSP)对病例组进行评定。结果:感觉组织能力测试中,病例组在6种状态下的平衡分及平均平衡分、视觉感觉分、前庭感觉分均低于对照组(均P<0.05)。单腿站立测试中,病例组在左侧及右侧单腿站立闭眼情况晃动速度大于对照组,维持平衡持续时间短于对照组(均P<0.05)。走直线测试中,病例组速度低于对照组(P<0.05)。病例组平衡功能各项测试指标与PANSS各项评分及PSP评分未发现明显相关(r<0.24,P>0.05)。结论:本研究结果显示,精神分裂症患者动静态平衡功能明显差于正常对照。

Objective： To evaluate the balance function of schizophrenia patient and to discuss the relationship with the clinical symptoms and social function. Methods： Thirty-five outatients meeting the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision （ICD-10） for schizophrenia and 35 ageand sex-matched healthy people were selected. All subjects were tested by Smart EquiTest for balance function, including sensory organization test （SOT）, unilateral stand test, tandem walk test. The patients were also assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale （PANSS） and Personal and Social Performance scale （PSP）. Results： In SOT, the scores of sensory integration in six different situations were lower in the case group than in the control group [ e. g., the average balance score, （74. 2± 8.4） vs. （ 80. 6 ±5.0）, Ps 〈 0. 05 ], and the scores of sensory of visual and vestibular were also lower [（78. 9 ±12. 2） vs. （86. 1 ±8.7）, （63.4 ±18.6） vs. （72.0 ±7. 7）, Ps 〈0. 05]. In unilateral stand test, the sway of patient group was larger than the control group and persist time was shorter than the control group when close the eyes （Ps 〈 0.05）. In tandem walk test, the speed was lower than control group[（25.5 ±7.6） cm/s vs. （33.2 ±9.5 ） cm/s, P 〈0. 05]. There were no correlations between the balance function （mean balance function, proprioception, visual, vestibular, visual independence）, clinical symptom, and social function （r 〈 0. 24, P 〉 0. 05）. Conclusion： It suggests that the static and dynamic balancefunction of schizophrenia patients may be poor than the normals.