生活定向测验在大学生中的信效度

Reliability and validity of the Life Oriention Test in college students

目的:检验气质性乐观测量量表-生活定向测验(LOT)在大学生群体应用的信度和效度。方法:按量表双翻程序将LOT翻译成中文版。方便抽取479名大学生进行LOT测验。采用验证性因素分析对其结构效度进行分析,以生活满意度量表(SWLS)、积极-消极情感量表(PANAS)、Beck抑郁量表(BDI)作为校标工具。随机选取152名学生于初评2周后进行重测,以检验其重测效度。结果:LOT中文版共6个题项,所有题项的决断值(CR)均达到0.001的显著水平,每个题项与对应量表的相关系数在0.61～0.74之间。验证性因素分析表明,中国大学生的气质性乐观是2因素模型结构(χ2/df=1.90,RM-SEA=0.059,NNFI=0.92,CFI=0.96),由2个相对独立的乐观因子和悲观因子组成。气质性乐观因子与SWLS、积极情感得分呈正相关(r=0.22、0.28,均P<0.01),与消极情感和BDI得分呈负相关(r=-0.17、-0.23,均P<0.01),悲观因子与SWLS和积极情感得分呈负相关(r=-0.22,-0.23,均P<0.01),与消极情感和BDI得分呈正相关(r=0.15、0.12,均P<0.05)。量表两个因子的内部一致性信度Cronbachα系数分别是0.73和0.82,2周后的重测信度分别是0.76和0.79。结论:生活定向测验中文版具有较好的信度和效度,可用于评定中国大学生的气质性乐观水平。

Objective： To examine the reliability and validity of a dispositional optimism scale, the Life Orientation Test （LOT）, in Chinese college students. Methods： The Chinere Version of LOT was translated from English version and had same constructs to the original one . Totally 479 Chinese college students were selected and completed a battery of structured questionnaires, including the Chinese version of LOT, Satisfaction With Life Scale （SWLS）, Positive Affect-Negative Affect Scale （PANAS）, and Beck Depression Inventory （BDI）. A lot of 152 students were selected randomly and assessed for the test-retest reliability. Results： The revised LOT scale consisted of 6 items and 2 subscales. All items critical ratio was significant at 0. 001 level, and the factors loadings ranged from 0. 61 to 0. 74. Confirmatory factor analysis showed good fit two-factors models of one optimism factor and one pessimism factor （ x2/df = 1.90, RMSEA = 0. 059, NNFI = 0. 92, CFI = 0. 96 ）. The dispositional optimism factors were significantly correlated with the index of subjective well-being and depression, which were largely consistent to our expectation. The optimism factor scores were positively correlated with SWLS scores and PANAS positive affect scores （ r = 0. 22, 0. 28, P 〈 0. 01 ）, while negatively correlated with PANAS＇ s negative affect＂ and BDI scores （r = -0. 17, -0. 23, P 〈0. 01）, The pessimism factor scores were negatively correlated with SWLS scoresand PANAS＇ s ＂positive affect＂ （ r = - 0. 22, - 0. 23, P 〈 0. 01）, while positively correlated with PANAS＇ s ＂negative affect＂ and BDI scores （r =-0. 15, 0. 12, P 〈0.05）. The internal consistencies were good for subscales （Cron- bach＂ s alpha = 0.73, 0. 82, respectively）, and the two weeks test-retest reliability coefficients for subscales were 0. 76 and 0. 79. Conclusion： It suggests that the Chinese version of Life Orientation Test has good reliability and validity, and it could be used to assess the optimism of Chinese college students.