天然林经营效果评价方法及其应用

Evaluating Natural Forest Management Efficiency

根据结构化森林经营理论,从描述林分状态的空间利用程度、物种多样性、建群种竞争态势和林分组成等4个方面构建了天然林经营效果评价指标体系并给出了相应的评价标准。运用层次分析法确定权重,在此基础上提出了天然林经营效果综合评价指数的概念,并将其应用于吉林蛟河市东大坡林区(包括A、B、C共3块样地)和甘肃小陇山百花林场(D样地)天然林经营评价。结果表明:经营后林分状态明显改善,A、B样地经营效果等级为"中",C、D经营效果等级为"好",按经营效果综合评价指数从高到低排列为C>D>A>B,评价结果与林地中实际观察到的现象一致。本文提出的经营效果综合评价指数是林分状态综合量化的一种表达方式,能够直观简洁地反应出经营效果,可为天然林经营评价提供科学依据。

According to the structure-based forest management theory,the appraisal indices system of natural forest management efficiency was established from spatial utilization,species diversity,constructive species competition and tree composition,which could be used to depict stand status,and its metewand was given.Relative weight was endowed by The Analytic Hierarchy Process（AHP）,and then the conception of natural forest management efficiency comprehensive appraisal index was put forward for the first time and applied to four different sampling plots of natural forest,three of them from Dongdapo forest region,Jiaohe,Jilin province,and one from Baihua forest area,Xiaolongshan,Gansu province,China.The results are as following： the stand status was obviously improved after being managed and plot A,B got a mark of ＂medium＂ while C and D were ＂perfect＂.From high to low,the arrangement of forest management efficiency comprehensive appraisal index was C D A B.This appraisal result abided by the phenomenon detected in the practical field.The forest management efficiency comprehensive appraisal index brought up in this paper could be taken as a way of comprehensive quantitative change of stand state which directly reflects the effort of forest management and affords scientific basis of natural forest management effort.