无选择性约束在汉语驴子句中的运用

The Unselective Binding Analysis of Chinese Donkey Sentences

通过分析汉语驴子句的语义和句法,证明了无选择性约束是分析汉语驴子句的最佳方式。首先深入分析了三种条件句形式的汉语驴子句,即光杆条件句、"如果"条件句和"都"条件句,对郑礼珊和黄正德主张的汉语驴子句的分类提出质疑,建议将后句中出现的代词和疑问词均视为变量,与前句中的疑问词一同受必要算子的无选择性约束,被赋予全称量化意义。在统一了汉语驴子句的句法结构的基础上,进一步证明了语义部分得出的结论,即除非句中出现明显的时间标志或表存在性质的暗示,汉语驴子句应由无选择性约束理论来分析,两个分句都包含一个变量,同时被句中的一个显性或者隐性的全称算子约束,表全称量化意义。

Through conducting a semantic and syntactic study of Chinese donkey sentences,the paper states that unselective binding should the best approach to Chinese donkey sentences.The paper probes into the semantic interpretation of the three forms of Chinese conditionals,namely bare conditionals,ruguoconditionals and dou-conditionals.The paper reexamines the classification of Chinese donkey sentences by Zheng and Huang（1996）,and suggests that the element in the consequent clause,either a pronoun or a whword,should be taken as a variable,which is bound by the necessity operator together with its antecedent.The paper makes a tentative analysis of the syntactic structure of Chinese donkey sentences,and further supports the conclusion that unless there are obvious time markers or contextual implications of existential quantification,Chinese donkey sentences should be analyzed by unselective binding strategy by treating the wh-words and pronouns as variables unselectively bound by a necessity universal operator.