牡丹江丘陵区大豆食心虫发生规律及生物防治效果研究

Biological Control Effect and Occurrence Regularity of Leguminivora glycinivorella in Mudanjiang Hilly Midlevels

调查了牡丹江丘陵半山区大豆食心虫种群数量的动态变化及有关气象因素,并对化学防治与生物防治的效果进行比较。结果表明:2011年该区大豆食心虫始发期在7月下旬,终结期在8月末,持续时间约为35 d,高峰期出现在8月中下旬;随着温度的升高,食心虫数量有增高趋势,当温度达到一定程度后食心虫的数量波动幅度明显减小;化学防治与生物防治的单株粒重、虫粒数、虫食率、单株粒数在1%显著水平上达极显著差异,生物防治的单株粒数和单株粒重分别是化学防治的1.16和1.20倍,而生物防治的虫粒数和虫食率分别是化学防治的71.4%和61.3%。因此,生物防治可以有效降低食心虫虫食率,提高大豆品质和产量。

Leguminivora glycinivorella seriously affect soybean production.We investigated the population change and related meteorological factors of Leguminivora glycinivorella in Mudanjiang hilly midlevels,also compared the prevention effects of chemical and biological control in this paper.Leguminivora glycinivorella started in late July and ended in the end of August in 2011,lasting for 35 days.Its peak time was in mid-to-late August.With the increase of temperature,the number of Leguminivora glycinivorella rapidly increased and then fluctuated slightly when the temperature reached a high degree.The seed weight per plant,insect seed number,insect feed rate and seed number per plant of biological control were 1.16 times,1.20 times,71.4% and 61.3% of those of chemical control,respectively,and the differences were significant.We concluded that biological control effectively reduce the insect feed rate of Leguminivora glycinivorella and improve soybean quality and yield.