北京市儿童肠道门诊腹泻患者轮状病毒及人杯状病毒腹泻监测

Surveillance of rotavirus and human calicivirus gastroenteritis in pediatric diarrheal patients in enteric clinics in Beijing

目的:了解儿童腹泻患者轮状病毒及人杯状病毒腹泻流行病学特点。方法:2010年4月-2011年3月,收集228例儿童急性腹泻患者粪便标本,运用ELISA方法进行轮状病毒检测,RT-PCR方法进行人杯状病毒检测,采用Epi Info3.5.1进行统计分析。结果:228例便标本中轮状病毒、人杯状病毒检测阳性率分别为22.81%、32.89%;各月间两种病毒检出率的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同临床特征(呕吐、大便性状、便检白细胞)与轮状病毒检测阳性率的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),人杯状病毒检测阳性率与患者是否呕吐的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);轮状病毒、人杯状病毒阳性患者的误诊率分别为78.85%、77.33%。结论:儿童急性腹泻患者轮状病毒、人杯状病毒感染率较高,临床诊断存在较高的误诊率。

Objective：To investigate the epidemiogical characteristics of rotavirus and human calicivirus gastroenteritis in pediatric diarrheal patients.Methods：The stool samples of 228 children with diarrhea were collected from April 2010 to March 2011,and the rotavirus and human calicivirus were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） and reverse transcription-polymerase reaction（RT-PCR） respectively.Results：The positive rate of rotavirus and human calicivirus were 22.81%（52/228） and 32.89%（75/228） respectively.and difference of the positive rates had significant difference in different month（P0.05）.Difference of rotavirus positive rate in different clinical features（vomiting,stool character and stool routine test of white blood cells） were statistically significant（P0.05）,and difference of human calicivirus positive rate in different clinical feature（vomiting） was statistically significant（P0.05）.The erroneous diagnosis rates in rotavirus and human calicivirus positive cases were 78.85%,77.33% respectively.Conclusion：The infection rates of rotavirus and human calicivirus in children were high,and erroneous diagnosis rates in viral diarrhea was also high.