将西洋参 DNA导入大豆实现遗传转化的研究Ⅰ.导入后代形态性状变异的分析

Genetic Transformation of Soybeans by Soaking Its Seeds with the Total DNA of America Ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) Ⅰ. Analysis on the Variation of Soybean Morphologic Characters Induced by Foreign DNA Uptake

用西洋参作 DNA的供体 ,用栽培大豆品种作为受体 ,利用分子育种导入技术之一的“浸种法”进行外源 DNA导入 ,试图在继续保持大豆营养价值和具有的医疗保健作用的前提下 ,提高其已有的药用成分的含量和导入新的药用成分 ,培育出具更高药用价值或保健作用的栽培大豆新材料和新品系。目前导入后代在形态、品质和药物成分含量等性状方面产生了广泛的变异。

Soybean, besides its high nutritional value, has been long known to contain saponins and isoflavones with medicinal activites. For the purpose to increase the existing nutrients and to impart certain new constituents with pharmacologic actions, experiments for its genetic transformation by the “seed soaking method” were carried out since 1994. American ginseng, Panax quinquefolium L., was used as the DNA donor and soybean “Xiangchundou 10” as the DNA acceptor. Results showed that the transformed rate by the “seed soaking method” was 22.6%. The transformed off spring showed morphologic and seed quality variations in mature stage, plant height, number of pods per plant, weight per 100 seeds, leaflet and seed shape, color of seed, pod, and villi, and grain protein content, etc.. The results indicated that “seed soaking method” can transfer foreign DNA into the recipient and induce variations. The results also indicated that the method is very effective, simple, and economical, and may be used to create new germplasms and realize gene exchangement of different species, genera, and families.