社区居民常见慢性疾病患病情况及影响因素调查分析

Common non-communicable chronic diseases among community residents: status quo and influencing factors

目的:探讨社区居民常见慢性非传染性疾病患病情况及其影响因素,为制定科学合理的社区综合防治干预措施提供科学依据。方法:在中山市某镇随机抽取2 639名居民,深圳市某街道随机抽取698名居民、广州市某区随机抽取19 466名居民进行问卷调查,分析3市社区居民常见慢病患病情况及其主要影响因素。结果:3市社区居民慢性疾病患病情况存在一定的差别,中山市、深圳市和广州市居民的常见慢性病患病率分别为9.7%、10.7%和12.9%,高血压患病率分别为8.1%、7.4%和7.8%,3市高血压患病率均高于本地区糖尿病、COPD、脑卒中和心脏病的患病率;logistics回归分析显示:年龄(OR=1.069)、文化程度(OR=0.926)、吸烟(OR=1.145)和体育锻炼(OR=1.242)是3市居民慢性疾病患病的重要影响因素。结论:3市居民慢性疾病患病情况有待改善,应加强居民慢性病的规范化管理,发挥社区卫生服务机构在慢病防治方面的作用。

Objective To investigate the situation as well as the influential factors of the common non-communicable chronic diseases（NCD）among the community residents as the scientific basis for community comprehensive prevention and cure of NCD.Methods Totally 2639 households from a town of Zhongshan and 698 from district of Shenzhen and 19466 from a district of Guangzhou were selected randomly and investigated with a questionnaire.The situation of NCD and its main influencing factors among the subjects were analyzed.Results There was a certain disparity between the residents of these three cities： the prevalence rates of the non-communicable chronic diseases of Zhongshan,Shenzhen and Guangzhou were 9.7%,10.7% and 12.9%,respectively.The prevalence rates of hypertension of Zhongshan,Shenzhen and Guangzhou were 8.1%,7.4% and 7.8%,and the prevalence rates of hypertension in the three cities were obviously higher than the rates of diabetes,COPD,brain stroke and heart disease.Logistic regression analysis showed that the levels of age（OR=1.069）,education（OR=0.926）,smoking（OR=1.145） and physical exercise（OR=1.242） were primary influencing factors to the non-communicable chronic diseases among the residents in communities in Guangzhou and Zhongshan city.Conclusion More work should be done to the common non-communicable chronic diseases in communities and the standardized management of NCD among residents should be enhanced in the three cities.The health education of residents and health promotion should be strengthened,people＇s unhealthy lifestyles and behavioral patterns should also be improved.