股骨头缺血性坏死发病特征调查分析

Characteristics of avascular necrosis of the femoral head

目的了解股骨头缺血性坏死病例单双侧发病情况与特征及相互间关系。方法随机抽取1 062例股骨头缺血坏死住院患者病案资料,调查患者的单双侧发病、性别、年龄、民族、职业、发病时间、病因、诊断、分期等项目。采用SPSS17.0软件进行统计分析。结果单双侧发病构成比值为1∶2.24;年龄、性别、病因、分型对单双侧发病有影响作用;单双侧发病年龄分别为(38.02±16.72)岁和(42.61±13.71)岁,差异有统计学意义。年龄≥14岁股骨头缺血性坏死中单侧发病病例ARCO分期和年龄分布具有等级相关性,双侧发病病例ARCO分期和年龄分布无等级相关性。各地区的单双侧发病年龄存在差异,其中东北地区双侧发病年龄为(22.70±5.54)岁,明显低于其他地区。结论股骨头缺血性坏死患者单双侧发病和性别、年龄、民族、地域、职业、病因、分期等因素之间相互联系。

Objective To understand the characteristics and associated factors of unilateral and bilateral occurrences for avascular necrosis of the femoral head.Methods A total of 1 062 cases of avascular necrosis of the femoral head were randomly selected from medical records.All cases were confirmed by X-ray,CT,MRI or radionuclide bone scanning.Data collected were unilateral or bilateral incidence,sex,age,nationality,occupation,time of onset,cause,diagnosis,staging and etc.SPSS17.0 software was used for statistical analysis.The differences of quantitative values were compared by t test or F test,of categorical data by χ2 test and of non-parametric data by Mann-Whitney test.Spearman correlation test was applied for correlation analysis.Results The ratio of unilateral to bilateral occurrence was 1∶2.24 for avascular necrosis of the femoral head.The occurrence of unilateral or bilateral avascular necrosis of the femoral head was associated with age,sex and etiology（P0.05）.There was significant difference in age for patients with unilateral（mean：38.02±16.72 years） and bilateral（mean：42.61±13.71 years） avascular necrosis of the femoral head（P0.05）.The distribution of Association Research Circulation Osseous（ARCO） classification stages was correlated with age for patients aged over 14 years with unilateral disease by rank correlation（P0.05）.The onset age of avascular necrosis of the femoral head was different with patients from different regions.Patients from the northeastern region of China had earlier onset of disease（mean age：22.70±5.54 years） than patients from the other areas（P0.05）.Conclusion The onset age,ARCO classification stages and unilateral or bilateral occurrence of avascular necrosis of the femoral head were associated with sex,nationality,occupation,region,causation and other factors.