人类学与民族学都应为一级学科

Anthropology and Ethnology Should Both be Listed as Superordinate Disciplines

中国国内的民族学主要是民族问题之学,而人类学则是人及其文化的演进与阐释之学,两者不应该混为一谈,同时由于历史的关系,由人类学替代民族学也不太妥当。因此,目前最佳的方法是:在国务院学位办的分类中,把人类学从社会学的一级学科中分离出来;在教育部学位办的学科分类中,增加独立的人类学,即都把人类学提升为所谓的一级学科,并建构其二级学科。至于原在其他一级学科下属的人类学二级学科,可以并存,或逐步转到人类学的一级学科中。

Ethnology in our country is the discipline which focuses on ethnic issue while anthropology focuses on the evolution and interpretation of human beings and cultures.Besides,due to the differences of their histories,they should not be mixed or one replaces the other.Therefore,the best policy for the Academic Degree Office of the State Council is to extract anthropology from sociology as another superordinate discipline.In the classification of degrees by the Academic Degree Office,anthropology should be listed as an independent superordinate discipline,and its secondary disciplines are yet to be established and developed.Those anthropology subjects subordinated to other superordinate disciplines can be allowed to coexist or gradually transferred to the superordinate level.