“冒险”行为的抑制与容许——基于刑事归责的考察

On the Suppression and Tolerance of Risk-taking Behaviors——Based on the Study of Criminal Culpability

鉴于冒险行为是任何社会制度下正常的且是必须的社会活动因素,它既有极大地推动社会发展的正面作用,也有极大地阻碍社会发展的负面作用,因而有必要确立为刑事责任的归责要素,以此抑制或鼓励冒险行为。合理的冒险行为应同时满足四个条件并以此阻却刑事责任。不合理的冒险行为如其动机和目的对社会有益,可获得谴责性程度较低的归责评价。

Risk-taking behavior is a normal and necessary social factor in any social system.It can greatly promote or obstruct social development.Thus it is necessary to define the elements of criminal culpability in order to curb or encourage risk-taking.Reasonable risk-taking should satisfy four conditions simultaneously and avoid criminal responsibility.If the motivation and purpose of unreasonable risk-taking are beneficial to the society,such risk-taking should be less culpable.