检察官应对方式与自我效能感的调查研究

Research on Coping Styles and General Self-Efficacy of Prosecutors

研究旨在探讨检察官的自我效能感状况和应对方式的选择,以促进检察官提高自我效能感和采取更积极的应对方式。采用简易应对方式问卷(Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire,SCSQ)和一般自我效能感量表(GSES),对中国4个省748位检察官进行调查和检测,并对他们的性别、年龄、工龄、教育水平、职务和工作部门等情况进行分析。结果显示检察官群体更倾向于选择积极的应对方式(t=7.288,p<0.01),而较少采用消极的应对方式(t=-44.579,p<0.01);但是在自我效能上却低于普通人常模(t=-20.187,p<0.01)。不同职务的检察官在积极应对方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同性别,不同工龄,不同职务和不同部门的检察官在自我效能上的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。因此认为,提高检察官的准入门槛,适时地进行培训,能改善检察官的应对方式;适当减压,能提高检察官的自我效能感;艰难而费事的工作应当尽可能分配给年龄大、工龄长的检察官。

This research is designed to explore the condition of China＇s prosecutors＇ general self-efficacy and their choices of coping styles in order to enhance their self-efficacy and adopt more positive coping styles.Using Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire（SCSQ） and General Self-Efficacy Scale（GSES）,the researchers investigate 748 cases of prosecutors from 4 provinces and analyze their condition of sex,age,working age,educational level,positions and departments.The results show that prosecutors incline to choose the positive styles（t=7.288,p0.01）,but less adopt the passive styles（t=-44.579,p0.01）;they have the lower scores on GSES than the common（t=-20.187,p0.01）;there is a significant difference on choosing positive coping styles among the prosecutors in different positions（P0.05）,and it is the same on general self-efficacy of prosecutors of different sex,working age,duties and departments（P0.05）.The researchers come to the conclusions that in order to improve the prosecutors＇ coping styles,entrance criteria to be prosecutors need being more strict and necessary training is required;relieving the stress is a good way to enhance the prosecutors＇ self-efficacy;and the elder prosecutors with more working experience are able to withstand challenges.