甘肃子午岭野生紫斑牡丹种群及生境

Population and Habitat of Wild Paeonia rockii in Ziwuling,Gansu Province

通过现场踏查及样地调查,甘肃庆阳子午岭太白林区瓦川沟分布着面积为69.25 hm2的紫斑牡丹天然种群,其生长的坡向、坡位等生境条件对其种群特征产生影响。紫斑牡丹种群主要分布于温暖潮湿的阴坡(东北坡)环境,根系生长在林区0～40 cm、pH值为7.8～8的土层中。不同坡位对紫斑牡丹种群密度及幼苗的形成影响较大,分布于山坡中、下部的紫斑牡丹种群具有良好的生长状况、群落稳定性及更新能力,即水热条件好、枯落层厚的山林中部有利于紫斑牡丹种群密度的增加。太白林区野生紫斑牡丹随着株龄的增加株高变化逐渐缓慢,18 a以后株高稳定至140 cm左右。紫斑牡丹种群特征的研究可为野生紫斑牡丹资源保护提供理论依据。

A survey was conducted to study the population and habitat of wild Paeonia rockii in Qingyang City of Gansu Province by field survey and sample plot survey. Natural P. rockii populations occupying an area of 69.25 hrn2 distribute in Wachuan ditch of Taibai forest region in Ziwuling. The slope aspect, position and other habitat conditions have effects on the population characteristics of P. rockii. P. rockii populations mainly distribute in warm and wet shady aspects （north- east slope）. The root system ofP. rockii distributes in 0-40 cm soil layer with pH value of 7.8-8.0. Different slope posi- tions have a great influence on the population density and seedling formation. P. rockii on middle and lower parts of the hillside grow well, with good community stability and regeneration ability. That is, the forests on the middle part of the mountains with good hydrothermal condition and litter thickness are favorable to the increase in population density of P. rockii. In Taibai forest region, the plant height of wild P. rockii changes slowly with the increase of plant age. The plant height could increase up to about 140 cm after the age of 18.