小型矿山声发射监测与强地压活动预测

Acoustic Emission Monitoring and Predict of Strong Ground Pressure Activities in Small Mines

鄂东地区许多小型矿山经多年空场法开采,已形成大量采空区。资金缺乏使得小型矿山只能选用简易的单通道YSSC型岩体声发射监测仪,人工定时定点读数,监测重点区域。以垴窖铁矿为例,通过有限元数值分析,将声发射监测点布置在声发射源可能发生的区域(即应力集中区),解决该仪器无法对声发射源定位的问题。信号去噪则是通过非生产时段的声发射监测,直接避免噪音干扰监测数据,提高预测强地压活动的准确性,以保证矿山安全生产。

There is a large number of mined-out areas in small-scale mines,eastern Hubei,because of mining with open stoping method for several years.For lack of funds,the small-scale mines can only select YSSC single-channel acoustic emission instrument to monitor ground pressure activations in some major areas,with artificial record of data at a fixed time.Taking Naojiao iron mine as an example,acoustic emission monitoring points was arranged at the area（stress concentration area） in which acoustic emission source might occur based on the finite element analysis,so as to solve the problem that this instrument can not located acoustic emission source.Single de-noising was achieved by acoustic emission monitoring in non-production periods to avoid the noise disturbing the monitoring data directly,then the accuracy of forecasting in strong ground pressure activities could be enhanced,in order to ensure mine safety.