基于GPS与IC卡数据的公交站点匹配方法

An Approach on Station ID and Trade Record Match Based on GPS and IC Card Data

一票制(单次刷卡)公交线路IC卡数据中缺少乘客上车站点信息,为获得乘客上车站点信息,需要将IC卡交易数据与公交站点进行匹配。首先根据公交车辆GPS数据和公交IC卡数据分别推算站点间运行时间,建立匹配约束规则完成首次站点匹配,并求得公交车辆GPS系统与公交IC卡收费系统的时间平均偏差值,再将时间平均偏差嵌入数据匹配模型,利用禁忌搜索算法对其他未匹配的交易记录进行二次匹配。为作比较,数据试验还包括仅根据站点间运行时间对GPS和IC卡数据进行匹配,从而找到IC卡交易记录与公交站点对应关系。数据试验表明:在GPS数据较完整的条件下,该方法能够精确实现IC卡交易记录与上车站点的匹配,而对比试验方法的匹配精度为80%,低于本文所研究方法。

It is difficult for public traffic IC card data mining and analysis for lacking of boarding station ID information in the IC database of flat fare public traffic routes.To solve the problem,the IC card trade record should be matched with station ID.First,according to the GPS and IC data respectively,the travel time between stations was calculated,the matching restriction rule has been settled up to assist the first travel time matching to obtain the average time deviation between GPS and IC systems.Then,the time deviation was used in the data matching model.After that,the tabu search method was used for matching the other trade records.In contrast,the GPS and IC card data was matched according to the travel time between stations to find out the relationship between trade record and boarding station ID.The data experiment shows that the result is quite accurate and all the trade records and boarding station IDs has been successfully matched with complete GPS data,while the accuracy rate of comparison experiment is 80% which is lower than the presented method.