基于光栅传感的模型测量系统应用研究

Research on application of optical sensor-based measuring method to model test

模型试验作为解决复杂工程问题的一种有效手段已越来越受到重视。然而,与目前发展较快的模型试验系统和较为成熟的相似理论相比,测试技术相对滞后的问题依然存在。测量的精度与稳定性不能满足模型试验的需求。基于光纤/光栅传感技术的高精密性、稳定性和机光电一体的特性,结合模型试验的特殊测量要求,通过改进数据接收算法,研制了基于光学传感技术的模型位移/应变测量系统,包括光栅传感模型位移和光纤传感模型应变测试系统。该系统稳定、精度高、抗干扰,并能监测不连续位移。将该系统应用于注采气压变化条件下盐岩地下储气库变形特征地质力学模型试验中,测得了气压变化条件下围岩位移收敛和径向应变蠕变规律,测得在不同稳压阶段和不同注采气速率条件下围岩变形的不同特征。试验数据为合理确定盐岩储气库运营气压和注采气速率提供帮助,对盐岩储气库的安全稳定运营有重要意义。

Model test has been more and more important as an effective method in solving the complex and special engineering problems.However,comparing with the developed model test system and the well proven similar principle,the measure technology is yet lags behind and can＇t fulfill the requirement of the model test.Based on the high precision and stability of the optical grating and the optical fiber,considering the special demands of the model test,an optical sensor technology based displacement/strain model measuring system is developed and the algorithm of the data receive is improved.The system consists of the optical grating displacement measuring system and the optical fiber strain measuring system.The system has the advantage of high precision and stability and measuring discontinuous deformation.Applying the system to the model test of deformation characteristic of the salt rock underground cavern in the condition of changing of the gas injection/production,the displacement convergence and strain creep laws of the cavern are obtained;the different deformation characteristics of the surrounding rock mass in the different air pressure and velocity of the gas injection/production are got.The test is helpful for determining the proper air pressure and velocity of the gas injection/ production and is important to the safe and stable operation of the salt rock underground cavern.