尾矿坝漫顶溃坝机理及过程研究

Research on Mechanism and Process of Tailing Dam Break due to Overtopping

准确理解尾矿坝漫顶溃坝的发展过程是模拟大坝溃口形状演变和计算溃坝下泄流量的基础。但于缺乏准确、完整的溃坝实例数据,对溃坝的发展机理理解不透彻,因而无法准确描述溃坝侵蚀的发展过程,对溃坝的研究仍处于半理论、半经验状态。为此,利用剪切应力(或牵引应力)理论和"陡坎"冲刷模型,研究了漫顶以后坝面侵蚀和漫顶溃坝机理,并在研究和分析土石坝漫顶溃坝破坏过程的基础上,结合尾矿坝自身特点以及相关理论,提出了尾矿坝漫顶溃坝破坏过程。

Accurately understanding the development process of tailings dam break due to overtopping is the basis for simulating the shape evolution and calculating the discharged tailing flow,which is to carry on the routing of tailing flow,risk analysis and developing emergency plans.Due to lack of accurate and complete instance data for dam-break,it is incomplete to understand development mechanism of dam-break,so it is impossible to accurately describe the development process of dam-break erosion and research on dam-break is still in semi-theoretical or semi-empirical status.Two basic theories to study the dam-surface erosion after overtopping and mechanism of dam break due to overtopping were used.Based on the research and analysis of the destruction process of earth-rock dam break due to overtopping and combined with tailing dam its own characteristics and related theories,the destruction process of tailing dam break due to overtopping was proposed.