tRNase Z核酸内切酶的研究进展

tRNase Z's Research Progress

tRNase Z是一种核酸内切酶,许多细菌、大多数真核生物以及所有的古细菌的tRNA3'末端加工过程都是由核酸内切酶tRNase Z催化的。tRNase Z能催化缺乏CCA的tRNA前体生成末尾带有核苷酸识别的3'-OH和5'磷酸尾巴的成熟tRNA。这对于CCA序列的添加、tRNA的氨酰化和蛋白质的合成十分重要。tRNase Z属于metallo-β-lactamases(MBL)超家族,存在短(tRNase ZS)和长(tRNase ZL)两种形式,具有tRNA 3'末端加工、引导定位蛋白、加工rRNA、与Rex2P的相互作用、调节细胞分化与分裂等功能。预期对tRNaseZ的功能和属性不断深入研究将会对AIDS和前列腺癌的治疗具有潜在和实际的推动作用。

tRNase Z is an endonuclease that catalyzes tRNA 3′-end processing in many bacteria,most eukaryotes and all archaea.tRNase Z generates a mature tRNA ending with the 3′-OH of the discriminator nucleotide and a trailer sequence with a 5′-phosphate from CCA-less tRNA precursors,which is absolutely essential for the addition of the CCA sequence,tRNA aminoacylation and protein synthesis.tRNase Z enzymes belong to the superfamily of metallo-β-lactamases.tRNase Z exists the short（tRNase ZS） and long（tRNase ZL） forms.tRNase Z has many functions,such as RNA 3′-end processing,guiding the positioning of protein,rRNA-processing,complementation with the REX2 gene,regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation etc.Further analysis of the function and properties of tRNase Z will play a potential and actual role in the treatment of AIDS and prostate cancer in the coming years.