爱尔兰公众伦理意识的觉醒及其途径——对叶芝《炼狱》弑父杀子情节的一种解读

Awakening of the Ethical Consciousness of Irish Public and Its Route: An Interpretation of Patricide and Filicide in Yeats’ Purgatory

叶芝的剧作《炼狱》通过弑父杀子的情节悲剧性地向观众展示了19世纪末和20世纪初爱尔兰社会的文化状况,体现了作家对爱尔兰社会道德沦丧和伦理秩序失衡的焦虑。在贵族阶级衰落和中产阶级兴起这一独特的伦理环境中,叶芝主张通过爱尔兰的文艺复兴,传承贵族的有字传统和普通民众的无字传统,用传统文化和其价值观念来推动爱尔兰公众伦理意识的觉醒。在爱尔兰民族解放运动中,叶芝选择的是一条文化民族主义的道路。

The patricide and filicide in Yeats＇Purgatory gives a tragical presentation of the cultural condition of the Irish society in the late 19th and early 20th centuries,and reflects the play wright＇s worry about the moral degeneration and ethical disorder of the Irish society.In the particular ethical environment of the fall of the nobility and the rise of the bourgeoisie,Yeats advocates the revival of the Irish culture,believing that by inheriting the aristocrat＇s written tradition and the ordinary mass＇oral tradition,he can awaken the ethical consciousness of the Irish public with traditional culture and values.It can be concluded that Yeats adopts a cultural nationalist route to the emancipation of Ireland.