基于充氩夫兰克-赫兹实验的非弹性碰撞模型

Model of Inelastic Collisions Based on Franck-Hertz Experiment with an Ar Tube

分析了夫兰克-赫兹实验的基本原理和现象,得出了夫兰克-赫兹实验IA-UG2K曲线中谷值间距不相等,且随着谷值个数的增加而线性增加的结果.给出了此结果的原因是电子在平均自由程距离上继续获得了大于激发态的能量,并提出了新的理论计算模型.实验结果表明:用该模型处理实验数据,得到的氩原子的第一激发能级是11.31 eV,相对不确定度为1.7%.

The fundamental properties of the signal structure in Franck-Hertz experiments are analyzed,concluding that the spacings between the minima in Franck-Hertz curves are not equidistant but increase linearly with the number of minima.It is proposed that the increase of the spacings is caused by the additional acceleration of electrons over their mean free path after the excitation energy is reached.Our model accurately estimates the lowest excitation energies of argon atoms（11.31eV）.The relative measure of uncertainty is 1.7%.