浙东地貌形态与土地覆被格局关系的研究

Analysis on morphological characteristics and their relationship with land cover patterns in eastern Zhejiang

以Aster DEM和Landsat TM为基本数据,运用遥感、GIS空间分析技术,通过高程(最大、最小、平均高程)、坡度、坡向、地势起伏度、地表粗糙度等因子的提取及地形剖面线方法,定量分析浙东地区地貌形态及其土地覆被格局的空间分异特征。结果表明:(1)浙东地区主要分布低山丘陵、滨海平原两种地貌类型,山势西南高、东北低,境内主要山脉大体为SW-NE走向,呈雁行排列;(2)低海拔地区为主,面积比例达94.5%,中海拔面积较小,且主要集中在西南部洞宫山一带,但因山体及盆地众多、沟谷交错,地势起伏明显;(3)地表粗糙度、坡度与海拔相关性较好,即地形高程值大的造山带其地表粗糙度、坡度值也较大,反之较小;(4)各坡向面积较为相近,但东、南、东南坡更集中分布于东部滨海平原一带;(5)针、阔叶林主要分布于海拔较高、地表粗糙度大、坡度较陡处,而建筑用地、耕地、水体则集中在海拔低、地表粗糙度小、坡度较缓地段。

Landform morphological characteristics and spatial distribution pattern of land-use in eastern Zhejiang were analyzed quantitatively by swath profiles method and the extraction of indicators which including elevation（maximum,minimum and mean）,slope,aspect,relief amplitude,surface roughness.The database of Aster DEM and Landsat TM,as well as the RS and GIS techniques were used in the whole analysis.The results show that（1） Hills and coastal plains were main kinds of landscape types in the eastern Zhejiang region,mountains were high in southwest,low in northeast with SW-NE direction and rough wedge formation.（2） The low altitude area took up 94.5% of the whole area,and the middle elevation area were mainly located in the southwestern Dong-gong mountains.However,hypsographic feature was significant because of staggered gully and numerous mountain,basin.（3） Surface roughness and slope correlated well with the altitude and along with the accretion of altitude,surface roughness and slope increased.（4） Areas were similar in each slope,while the slopes of east,south and southeast were mainly distributed in the east plain.（5） Coniferous and broad-leaved forests were prevalent in area with high altitude,great surface roughness and steep slope.In the contrast,the building site,farmland and waters were found in the area with low altitude,tiny surface roughness and gentle slope.