重庆市不同土地利用碳排放及碳足迹分析

Analysis of Land Use Patterns on Carbon Emission and Carbon Footprint in Chongqing City

以重庆市为例,运用1997-2009年重庆市不同土地利用面积数据和能源消费量数据,采用碳排放模型、碳足迹模型,对重庆市13年来不同土地利用方式碳排放量和能源碳足迹进行核算,分析不同土地利用方式碳排放效益、碳排放量的影响因素以及能源消费碳足迹变化。结果表明:(1)重庆市碳排放总量呈直线增加趋势,年均增加210.69万t。(2)建设用地是主要碳源,林地是主要碳汇,建设用地碳排放量增幅远远大于林地的碳汇增幅。(3)碳排放强度总体上呈下降趋势,由1997年的1.77t/万元下降到2009年的1.38t/万元,年均下降1.12%,小于11.5%的GDP增长率。(4)产业结构和经济增长促进碳排放量增加,能源结构对碳排放量影响不大,能源效率改进是13年来重庆市碳排放强度下降的关键原因。(5)能源消费总碳足迹逐年增加,2002年后年均增加93.75万hm2,生态承载力也有所增加,但远远不及总碳足迹的增加速度,生态赤字逐年扩大;森林碳足迹和煤炭能源碳足迹是主要的碳足迹。

Take Chongqing for example,based on statistics area of data of land use patterns and data of energy consumption from 1997 to 2009,the paper estimated carbon emission and energy carbon footprint of different land use patterns by using carbon emission model and carbon footprint model,and analyzed effects of carbon emission,influencing factors of carbon emission and changes of carbon footprint of energy consumption.The conclusions can be drawn as follows：（1）The total carbon emission was linear increasing with an annual rate of 210.69×104 t.（2）The main carbon source was construction land and the main carbon sink was woodland,the increase of carbon emission of construction land was far greater than woodland.（3）Carbon emission intensity decreased continuously,from 1.77 t/104 Yuan in 1997 falling to 1.38 t/104 Yuan in 2009,with an annual decreased rate of 1.12%,lower than the increase rate of GDP which was 11.5%.（4）Industrial structure and economic growth could promote carbon emission,energy structure had little influence on carbon emissions,the improvement of energy efficiency was the key reason of carbon emission intensity in Chongqing decreased continuously from 1997 to 2009.The total carbon footprint of energy consumption increased year by year with an annual speed of 93.75×104 hm2 since 2002,ecological carrying capacity also increased,but far less than the rate of increase of total carbon footprint,so the ecological deficit had expanded each year;forest carbon footprint and coal energy carbon footprint were the main carbon footprint.