甘菊种子萌发特性及自然条件下生长发育规律

Characteristics of Seed Germination and Regularities of Growth and Development of Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium in Natural Conditions

对甘菊[Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium(Fisch.ex Trautv.)Makino]种子萌发特性和自然条件下生长发育规律进行了试验观察,发现不同栽培基质及不同储藏时间对甘菊种子萌发率均有影响,在MS培养基上播种甘菊种子萌发率最高,可达90%左右。甘菊种子无休眠现象,采收后立即播种和次年春季播种萌发率均可达90%左右。甘菊种子不耐储藏,储藏至第3年秋季播种,萌发率仅为30%。自然条件下,5月至8月底是甘菊植株的营养生长时期,在此期间,甘菊株高、茎粗、冠幅、叶片数及分枝数一直处于增长状态;9月份当日照长度缩短至13 h时,甘菊开始现蕾,这表明13 h光照/11 h黑暗可能为甘菊现蕾的临界日长。

An experiment was conducted to study the seed germination characteristics and the regularities of growth and development of Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium（Fisch.ex Trautv.） Makino in natural conditions.Results indicate that different culture media and different storage times have some effects on the germination rate of C.lavandulifolium.The seeds on the MS medium showed the highest germination rate（about 90%）.The seeds of C.lavandulifolium have no dormancy phenomenon.The germination rate of the seeds sowed immediately after harvest or the next spring could reach almost 90%.The germination rate of the seeds decreased with storage time.The germination rate of the seeds sowed in the fall of the third year was only 30%.May to late August is the period of vegetative growth when the plant height,stem thickness,the number of leaves,crown size and the number of branches of C.lavandulifolium are in a rapid growth stage.The buds start appeared when the duration of day decreased to thirteen hours,which indicates that 13 hours of light and 11 hours of darkness may be the critical period for the buds of C.lavandulifolium,but it still need to be demonstrated by extensive experiments.