纤维素氨基甲酸酯法制备纤维素海绵

Preparation of cellulose sponge from cellulose carbamate

海绵因具有蓬松度好、质地柔软、吸水性好等优点而得以广泛应用。但目前市面上的聚氨酯海绵,不仅原料紧缺,制备过程有污染物产生,而且废弃后难降解,会产生二次污染。为开发可自然降解的纤维素海绵无污染制备工艺,研究了采用纤维素氨基甲酸酯法制备纤维素海绵的工艺。结果表明:由纤维素氨基甲酸酯的氢氧化钠溶液捏合而成的海绵混合体经蒸煮,纤维素再生,成孔剂溶于水中而留下空隙,所得纤维素海绵孔径均一,表面光滑平整,具有较好的柔韧性和黏弹性,完全具有普通聚氨酯海绵的基本特征。

Because of good fleeciness,soft and excellent absorbency,sponge is widely used.But the polyurethane foam sponge in the market not only has the disadvantage of raw material shortage and pollution in its preparation,but also pollutes the environment after the product is abandoned.With the aim of developing the preparation technology of cellulose sponge that can be naturally degraded,the process of preparing cellulose sponge from cellulose carbamate was studied.Sodium hydroxide solution of cellulose carbamate and pore-forming agent were kneaded into a sponge mixture and was cooked to regenerate cellulose.Pore-forming agent was dissolved in water,leaving voids behind and cellulose sponge with uniform pore size was obtained.The cellulose sponge had smooth surface,good flexibility and elasticity,with the basic features of polyurethane foam.