港珠澳大桥对伶仃洋河口潮流环境的影响

Impacts of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge on flow environment of Lingdingyang estuary

伶仃洋为弱潮河口,潮差较小,平均潮差为0.86～1.69 m,最大潮差为2.29～3.36 m.伶仃洋潮汐动力远远强于径流动力,潮流是塑造和控制滩槽格局的主要动力因素.通过伶仃洋河口潮流物理模型试验,研究港珠澳大桥建设对伶仃洋河口潮流动力环境的影响.研究结果表明:港珠澳大桥的建设对潮底动力环境影响的范围和强度表现为东部人工岛附近较强,西部桥区附近相对较小;近桥局部区域潮位及流场的变化比较明显,远离桥轴线5 000 m以外区域变化较小.

Lingdingyang estuary is a weak tidal estuary with an average tidal range of 0.86 - 1.69 m and the maximum of 2.29 - 3.36 m. Tidal impact is stronger than runoff in this estuary, so tidal movement is the main dynamic factor for river topography foundation. A physical model of flow field in Lingdingyang estuary is used to study hydrodynamic impacts after the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge. The research results show that the impacts caused by the construction of HZMB are very strong appearing around the man-made island in the east and a little bit weak on the west areas of the bridge; the area near the bridge has a significant change of tidal level and flow field; and the area, 5,000 m away from the bridge has a tiny change.