再论吐蕃小邦制的演变及其外来影响

Further Discussion on the Evolution of Tubo Chieftain System and the Outside Influence

据《敦煌本吐蕃历史文书》记载,松赞干布建立吐蕃王朝之前的青藏高原分布着众多的"小邦之王",其后逐渐被吐蕃征服,演变成为地方实体政权,到吐蕃王朝中后期仅存吐谷浑、工布、娘布三个。本文检索汉唐文献,发现吐蕃小王制深受汉唐之间西北诸族小王制的影响,据此可以看出吐蕃与西北民族在制度文明方面的相互交流与影响。

According to the book Tubo Historical Document from Dunghuang version,there were a large number of chieftains in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau before founding up of the Tubo Kingdom by Songzanganpu.After having succumbed to the Tubo kingdom,most of the chieftains changed into local substantive authorities.In the second half of the Tubo Kingdom,only three small chieftains survived： Axia,Gongbu and Nyiangbu.With the help of Han and Tang historical records,the author found that the Tibetan chieftain system was influenced by the Minority Chieftain system in the northwestern area during Han and Tang dynasties.Thus the paper indicates that in the aspect of the political system,there was some interplay between the Tubo kingdom and the ethnic groups in the northwestern area.